We are experiencing record temperatures successive days in a row. This, combined with the lack of rain, is causing serious concerns for pet safety.On a 90℉ day, an animal left in a car will experience a temperature of 124℉ within 30 minutes and 138℉ within 90 minutes. These temperatures are enough to kill an animal, even if the windows are left partially open. The bed of a pickup truck is no safer for an animal. Not only do they become overheated, but they will also become dehydrated from the wind they experience.
Hyperthermia
Normally, our pets have a temperature of around 101℉. This can be increased during a fever episode or during high environmental temperature. A temperature of over 105℉ can seriously compromise your pet's health. Dogs and cats are not able to sweat to cool their core temperature. Instead, they pant and radiate heat from the surface of their skin. They are able to sweat through their paws but this is very limited compared to a human. If the air temperature is as high as it has been the last few weeks, an animal's body cannot keep up and will succumb to hyperthermia.Signs of heat stroke
- Weakness
- Difficulty breathing
- Excessive panting
- Uncoordination
- Restlessness, stress
- Changes in gum color (either bright red or even blue)
- Drooling
Risk factors
There are several factors which can make an animal more susceptible to heat stroke. These include:- Pets with short noses, like the Bulldog, Pekingese, Persian. These animals cannot adequately thermo regulate by panting due to their anatomy
- Pets with dark-colored fur or fur that is thick and does not allow adequate ventilation
- Very young, very old, or animals with an underlying condition such as heart disease
- Very active animals or any amount of exercise for an animal
Prevention
Generally speaking, if you find it uncomfortable outside, your pet will as well. If it is unbearably hot and you are not even interested in going outside, do not leave your pet in the heat. If your pet is confined outdoors, provide them with ventilation via fans. Shade is also extremely important. Fresh, cool water will help allow them to remain hydrated.If possible, bring your pet inside, even if it is just a cool back porch or garage. A doghouse does not provide shade; instead they heat up excessively and are not safe for use in the summer. If you are convinced you are providing adequate cooling for your pet, put a thermometer outside where your pet is located. Monitor the temperatures it reads. You may be surprised at just how hot it will get!
Treatment
The goal of treating hyperthermia is initially to cool the core temperature to prevent permanent damage to the animal's brain. This can be achieved by applying wet towels to the animal. The main areas of superficial blood circulation, and therefore cooling, are the ears, groin, armpits, and feet. A fan can be applied to help improve heat loss from these areas. Do not apply ice or extremely cold water. Cooling too quickly can cause more damage.If possible, obtain the temperature of your pet; ideally, you should stop cooling your pet when their temperature reaches 103. Transport your pet to a veterinary facility immediately so the other effects of extreme heat can be treated. Your veterinarian will address the level of hyperthermia and continue treating if necessary. The main concerns for your pet are loss of electrolytes, changes in red blood cells, kidney failure, brain abnormalities, and death.
| Dr. Abby Deuel, Veterinarian Deuel Veterinary Services, P.C. 2047 N Broadway Ave Salem, IL 62881 Phone: 618-548-6755 Fax : 618-548-6855 deuelveterinaryservices.com |
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This article appeared in the June 2013 issue of the Holistic Touch Therapy Newsletter.